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Quinnipiac University
The Quinnipiac University School of Education offers certificate, master’s degree and advanced diploma programs designed to empower graduates to become a positive force of change across a variety of school-based and corporate learning environments.
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Avoiding Substantive Errors in Individualized Education Program Development
Content type: Journal Article
The primary charge of special educators is to provide eligible students with disabilities a special education that confers a free appropriate public education (FAPE). The U.S. Supreme has held that a FAPE consists of two types of student rights: Procedural...
Is it Time for Elevating the Standard for FAPE under IDEA?
Content type: Journal Article
This article examines a critical question for the special education community: What should be the current meaning of “free appropriate public education” (FAPE) in light of not only the Supreme Court's landmark Rowley decision in 1982 but also developments...
Which Procedural Parts of the IEP Process Are the Most Judicially Vulnerable?
Content type: Journal Article
To provide a missing piece to the legal foundation of professional development and practice for the individualized education program (IEP) process, the authors report the results of a comprehensive systematic analysis of court decisions specific to IEP...
The Supreme Court, Endrew, and the Appropriate Education of Students With Disabilities
Content type: Journal Article
In this article, we analyze the Supreme Court’s decision in Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District RE-1 (2017), interpreting the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and its provisions creating a right of every student with a disability...
Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District (2017) FAPE and the U.S. Supreme Court
Content type: Journal Article
On March 22, 2017, the U.S. Supreme Court announced its decision in Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District. This case, coming 35 years after the Supreme Court’s first special education decision in Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central...
Teaching Students With Childhood Cancer: It’s More Than Just the Disease
Content type: Journal Article
Students with chronic illnesses, like cancer, can have long-term side effects that impact their success in school even when their illness is controlled or in remission. The purpose of the current manuscript is to describe the more common education-related...
An Updated Primer of Special Education Law
Content type: Journal Article
Teachers and parents often find special education law complex and confusing. As one step for a basic foundation in special education law, a previous TEC article (Zirkel, 2005) provided a snapshot of the “top 5 case concepts” based on 10 decisions from the...
Unequal and Increasingly Unfair: How Federal Policy Creates Disparities in Special Education Funding
Content type: Journal Article
The formula used to allocate federal funding to states for special education is one of IDEA's most critical components. The formula serves as the primary mechanism for dividing available federal dollars among states and represents policy makers’ intent to...
Adapted Physical Education: Meeting the Requirements of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act
Content type: Journal Article
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires that school districts provide eligible students with specially designed instruction that confers a free appropriate public education (FAPE). Depending on the unique needs of a student, FAPE...
Capturing Implicit Policy from NCLB Test Type Assignments of Students with Disabilities
Content type: Journal Article
This study examined the learner characteristics and performance scores of students in the 2009 alternate assessment-modified achievement standard for one Midwestern state. Comparing performance differences by disability category for each content area from...